capitalisme
- Domaine
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- économie
- Date
Définitions :
Système économique fondé sur les principes de la libre entreprise, de la possession privée des biens de production, de l'acceptation du profit comme moteur de l'activité économique et de l'économie libérale, ou semi-libérale, par opposition à l'économie dirigiste.
Régime capitaliste lui-même, fondé sur la dissociation entre les propriétaires des moyens de production, qui les utilisent en vue de la réalisation d'un profit, et les travailleurs qui les mettent effectivement en œuvre moyennant le versement d'un salaire, rémunérant leur force de travail.
Système d'économie d'échange caractérisé par le développement important du capital technique (moyen de production) mis en œuvre dans le cadre du régime capitaliste.
Note :
En somme, le capitalisme est le régime économique dans lequel le capital joue un rôle « capital ». Ce régime a obtenu de bons effets, sous l'aspect de la production des biens et des services, que l'on peut attribuer indirectement au libéralisme économique; par contre, ses mauvais effets, sur le plan social et humain, ont entraîné, en réaction, les débuts de la législation du travail, l'organisation des premiers syndicats et la naissance du socialisme. De même qu'il y a plusieurs formes concrètes de socialisme, il y a aussi plusieurs formes concrètes de capitalisme.
Terme :
- capitalisme n. m.
Traductions
-
anglais
Date :Définition
An economic system which is characterized by private ownership of the means of production and the free play of the market in the conduct of business affairs.
Notes :
In a capitalistic system the initiative to undertake any form of economic activity rests with the individual. Capitalism, as an economic system, is characterized by private ownership of the factors of production and by private initiative, guided by the profit motive, in the conduct of production. Capitalistic societies are relatively free of government control over economic activity, particularly over prices and production. Capitalism recognizes the concept of private property and the right of ownership and use of capital goods to gain income.
This is a word the usage of which became common in Western Europe more than 100 years ago. The word generally describes that economic system in which the means of production (land, factories, mines, docks, etc.) are privately owned, in which production is organized and controlled by the owners of these means of production, and in which this private control is exercised for the sake of gaining profit for the owners. This original definition of "capitalism" was closely linked with the economic system symbolized by that which arise in Britain during the "Industrial Revolution". For this reason the word "capitalism" carries various moral and emotional overtones. It denoted the system in which the owner of the means of production, the capitalist, had very wide economic and other power over those who worked for him and, therefore, great influence on political and other aspects of the life of the community. It also came to be linked with exploitation of workers and cyclical depressions. Like so many words, "capitalism" is nowadays often employed more as a catchword or a slogan rather than a term with a precise definite and objective meaning. It describes a system of economic organization and the mentality that goes with it originating from the highly organized cartel capitalism found in many parts of Europe, through the somewhat regulated type of free enterprise existing in Canada and the United States, across the world to the feudal-family and protected capitalism of Japan and the Philippines, to the bazaar-money lender type of capitalism which exists in many Asian countries.Terme :
- capitalism
Terme associé :
- capitalist system