brome

Traductions

• anglais

  Date : 1983

  Définition

  An element. State: liquid; group: VIIA; atomic no.: 35; atomic wt.: 79.904; valence: 1,3,5,7; isotopes: 2 stable. A highly reactive element, bromine is one of the very few that exist as a liquid at room temperature, though it is highly volatile. It does not occur in elemental form, but always in chemical combination. It is obtained commercially from natural brines and was the first element to be recovered from sea water (1933). The isotopic composition of bromine is unusual, the percentage of its two stable isotopes (79 and 81) being almost equal. Both liquid and vapor are diatomic (Br₂). The vapor is over five times as heavy as air, and the liquid form boils at 58.8 °C (138 °F). Bromine reacts violently with aluminum and potassium but does not attack most other metals unless moisture is present.
  
  An element, symbol Br, never occurring free in nature. Bromise is a dark, brownish-red corrosive liquid with uses as a raw material for dyestuffs and in the production of catalysts.

  Notes :

  An extremely strong oxidizing agent, it is widely used in bleaches for textiles and paper, and in water purification. Its major industrial use has been in antiknock gasoline (as ethylene bromide), where it acts to keep cylinders free from lead oxide deposits; this use may be expected to decline in the future. Bromine is also important in organic synthesis, as a laboratory reagent, and general sanitizer; it forms a large number of inorganic and organic compounds, e.g., hydrobromic acid, bromates, and bromides. It is toxic by inhalation and strongly irritant to eyes and skin and should be handled with proper protective clothing.
  
  The name being derived from a Greek word meaning odor or stink.

  Termes :

  1. bromine
  2. Br