énergie nucléaire
- Domaine
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- physiqueénergie nucléaire
- Date
Définitions :
Énergie libérée dans les réactions nucléaires, particulièrement dans les réactions de fission ou de fusion nucléaire.
Toute forme d'énergie produite par un changement dans le noyau des atomes, alors que l'énergie chimique est mise en jeu par des changements dans la structure électronique des atomes.
Note :
Terminologie normalisée par le Comité canadien de normalisation de la terminologie nucléaire.
Terme :
- énergie nucléaire n. f.
Terme associé :
- énergie atomique critiqué
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Ne pas employer l'expression énergie atomique. C'est manquer de précision que de qualifier de atomique un phénomène qui intéresse le noyau de l'atome. On doit donc dire : énergie nucléaire, armes nucléaires, etc.
Traductions
-
anglais
Date :Définition
The energy liberated by a nuclear reaction (fission or fusion) or by radioactive decay.
Energy of a higher order of magnitude than that of chemical reactions; the latter is derived from the formation and rupture of bonds (electrons) and amounts to about 5 electron volts per bond, whereas the former is evolved from the nucleus of the atom, yielding, for fission, about 200 million electron volts per nucleus.
Energy released in a nuclear reaction.
Energy released by nuclear fission or nuclear fusion.Notes :
When released in sufficient and controlled quantity, this heat energy may be converted to electrical energy.
Nuclear energy is energy that has its origins in the nucleus of an atom. It is released as a result of the regrouping or rearrangement of the nuclear particles, as in the processes of radioactive decay, fission and fusion. In the nuclear reaction, part of the nuclear mass itself is changed into energy. Thus nuclear energy is to be distinguished from chemical energy which has its origins in the rearrangement of the extra-nuclear particles of the atom, as in the burning of coal or wood.
Nuclear energy is released either by splitting (fission) of an unstable, heavy nucleus (uranium 235 or 233 and plutonium 239) or by union (fusion) of hydrogen nuclei (protons) to form helium. The latter occurs naturally in the sun but can be achieved artifically only at the exceedingly high temperature obtainable by a fission reaction. For his reason fusion is called a thermonuclear reaction. The two phenomena are of opposite nature, fission being the dividing of a heavy nucleus to form two lighter ones, and fusion the combination of light nuclei to form a heavier one. The fission reaction is controllable, but thermonuclear reactions are not, though active research is now in progress to make them so.Terme :
- nuclear energy
Terme associé :
- atomic energy critiqué
An alternative name for nuclear energy, this term was initially widely used to mean the energy obtained from fission as in the atomic bomb and atomic reactors: hence the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, the United States Atomic Energy Commission, or Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd.