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Traductions

• anglais

  Auteur : Office québécois de la langue française, 1995

  Notes :

  It is a reasoning method based on knowledge of a world in which many assumptions are made. For example, assume that traffic keeps to the right unless otherwise proven. Often includes widely used assumptions such as closed world and unique names. Default reasoning is one of the main methods under investigation for use by intelligent systems in real world problem solving.
  
  Although deductive reasoning from statements that are universally true means that we are certain about all the conclusions that are drawn, it does not provide a knowledge representation scheme that is very useful for representing much knowledge we have about the world. For example, as a general rule, "if something is a bird, then it can fly", is true, but it is not universally true for there are some obvious exceptions, e.g. emus, penguins, birds with broken wings, etc. In order to represent such information, it has been suggested that we express general rules as universal rules but adapt our reasoning procedures. These procedures would now look first for specific exceptions and only if no exceptions were found would they apply a rule. Because rules are only applied in the absence of any specific instances, such a reasoning strategy is called "default reasoning".
  
  The term "default reasoning" has also been used to describe reasoning with a closed world assumption, i.e. facts not stated in the description of a state are assumed to be false.

  Termes :

  1. default reasoning
  2. reasoning by default
  3. default logic