aldéhyde

Traductions

• anglais

  Date : 1990

  Définition

  Generic term for hydrocarbon derivatives containing the CHO group.
  
  A compound containing an aldehyde group, viz. -CHO.
  
  Any of a series of unsaturated organic compounds, both aliphatic and aromatic, containing a carbonyl group, in which one of the bonds of the carbon atom is attached to hydrogen ((...)).

  Notes :

  ((...)) In conventional straight-line formulas this is usually written CHO, which is characteristic of aldehydes, e.g., formaldehyde is HCHO. Aldehydes are closely related to ketones, but are, in general, more chemically reactive. They are formed from a alcohol by dehydrogenation, and the term aldehyde is derived from this reaction, i.e., alcohol + dehydrogenation. For example, formaldehyde (HCHO) is formed by removing two hydrogen atoms from methyl alcohol (CH₃OH). The aldehydes are named for the acids they form when oxidized, e.g., acetaldehyde yields acetic acid, butyraldehyde yields butyric acid, etc.
  
  Aldehydes are important synthesizing agents; they enter into condensation reactions, and are readily oxidized to organic acids. They also prevent deterioration of protein-rich substances, and thus are used as preservatives in the food and leather industries and for biological specimens. Among the more important aldehydes are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde.
  
  Colourless, light, flammable liquid. Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, benzene, gasoline, solvent, naphta, toluene, xylene, turpentine, acetone.

  Termes :

  1. aldehyde
  2. acetaldehyde
  3. acetic aldehyde
  4. acetyl hydride
  5. ethanal
  6. ethyl aldehyde

  Terme associé :

  1. acetic hydride vieilli